Coking retort oven



4 Jan 1927 J. VAN ACKEREN COKING RETORT OVEN w X. m w

8 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Feb. 14, 1921 sEcno/v SECT/0N Kr 17,613068 Jan.4, 1927. n J' VAN ACKEREN COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Feb. 14, 1921 8Smets-sheet 2 L 1,613,068 Jan' A 1927 J. VAN ACKEREN COKING RETORT OVENFiled Feb. 14, 1921 8 Sheets-SIBS 5 Q NQ..

Jan. 4,1927. 1,613,068

J. VAN ACKEREN `GOKINGr RETORT OVEN Filed Feb. 14, 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 4W LNA,

, l/ ffl/1011111111111 4 1,613,068 Jan 1927 J. VAN AcKl-:REN y COKINGRETORT OVEN Filed Feb. 14, 1921 8 ShetS-Sheet 5 Ja' ik Jan 1927 J. VANACKEREN COKINGRETOHT OVEN .Fned Feb. 14, 1921 'Y 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Jan.4, 1927.

J. VAN ACKEREN f COKIN@ RETORT OVEN Filed Feb. 14, 1921 8 sheets-snm v MHM. f.

' Jan; 4,1927.

J. VAN ACKELREN COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Feb. 14 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet ePatented Jan. 4, 1927.

unirsi) STATES T ITFCB JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN. OF'PITTSURGH. PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNQR TO THE KOPPERS COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH,PENNSYLVANIA, ACORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

coxING RETORT ovEN.

applicati@ sied February 14, i921. serial No. 444,790.

The invention comprehends improvements of especial utility in thecokingretort oven art; and also comprehends certain iinprovenients applicableto coling retort ovens ofthe Well-known Koppei's cross-regenerative tvpeexemplified in the patent to H.

Hoppers fo. 818,033 dated April 17, 1906.

The invention has for an object to provide a combination coke oven witha novel and highly efficient system of combustion in the thune orcombustion iiues of the heating walls, to the end that' the constantflame principle described and elaimedin niy copending application forLetters Patent for a (-oking retort oven tiled April 10, 1920, Se rialNo. 372,999 is incorporated in a coking retort oven, whether coke vovengas be einployed as the oven fuel, or a vspecial generator gas, such asproducer gas. Furthermore, the tivo gases may be burned concurrently, inwhich case the producer gas op crates to dilute the coke oven gas. Theinvention retains, with all of its advantages, the regenerative systemof conserving the Waste heat from the lues and utilizing such waste heatfor preheating the air that enters the flnes to support combustion ofthefuel burned therein.' In other words, the invention combines theregenerative system with its attendant periodic reversal of flow, insuch a way in the novel flue system that flame is maintained constantlyin all the fines of each heating wall, regardless of Whether the fuel bethe coke oven gas distilled from the coal coked in the ret-Orts or ovenchambers or the fuel be an alternatively employed special generator gas,such as producer gas, with the result that vuniformity in temperature ofthe heating Walls is promoted, extreme temperature variations areeliminated, and the charges of coal Within the several coking chambersare subjected constantly throughout their entire extent-to the hightemperatures of burning flames and no retardation of the carbonizationprocess results from the reversal of flow through the rcgenerators. Bythe invention, the eiliciency of a coking retort oven is greatlypromoted, notwithstanding the fuel employed, the carbonization processis carried on more evenly, with greater facility and ina shortcr timethan has been heretofore ossible, and temperature fluctuations throngiout the system are greatly reduced. y

In addition to the general objects recited above, the invention has forfurther objects such other improvements and advantages in constructionand operation as are found to obtain in the structures and deviceshereinafter described or claimed.

In the accompanying drawings,l forming a part of this specificationandshowing, for

purposes of exemplitication, a preferred toi-m and manner in which theinvention may be embodied and practiced, but without limiting theclaimed invention specifically-to I such illustrative instance orinstances:

Figure 1 is a compositevertical sectional elevation through a cokingretort oven of' a type embodying features above specified and equippedwith the improvements of thel present invention, the vievv being takenon several vertical planes longitudinally of the coke oven battery forthe purposev ofdisclosing the interior structure and indicated by thesection lines H--H, and F--F, and G--G of Fig. 2. and K-K and G--G ofFig. 6;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevation taken-.transversely of the cokeoven battery in planes indicated bythe section line A of' Fig. 1; v v

Fig. 3 is a composite vertical sectional elevation taken transversely ofthe coke oven battery in planes 'indicated by the section lines M-M andP-P of Fig.. 1; v

F ig. 4 is another composite vertical sectional elevation takentransversely of the coke oven battery in planes indicated by the section'lines 'IL-T, U--U and Vif-JW of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional elevation of a heating wall taken in aplane indicated by the section line D-D of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is another horizontal section of a heating-Wall taken in a planeindicated by the section line `C--C of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 .is another horizontal section of the heating wall taken in aplane indicated by the section line B- B of Fig. 1;

4Fig. 8 is a horizontal Section of the revgenerator construction takenin a plane indicated by the section line E--E of Fig. 1; Fig. 5)' is ahorizontal section showing the regenerator duct arrangement, taken in aplanelindicated by the section line R-R of Figl() is another. horizontalsection showing the regenerator duct arrangement taken in a laneindicated by the section line S-S of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 11 is an enlarged perspective view, broken away in di'erentvertical and horizontal planes, and illustrating the arrange mentot theflues and the construction of the parts in the upper portion of theheating wall.

The same characters of reference indicate the same parts throughout theseveral views.

In its present embodiment,the invention is incorporated in a cokingretort oven or colic oven battery having` `features` of the well-knownKoppel-s cross-regenerative type cxcniplilicd in (lic paient to H'.Koppers hereinabove mentioned, which regenerative colic oven includes inits construction crosswise (.Xtending' parallel heating wallsconstituted of llame or combustion fines, elongated coking chambers orovens intermediate the heatingr walls and parallel therewith, andcrosswise extending' rcgenerators located below the coking chambers andthe heating walls and parallel therewith. For convenience, the presentdescription will be confined to this use of the invention; features ofconstruction are, however, readily 'susceptible of other valuableapplications; consequently, the scope ot' the invention is not confinedtothe specific use and specific einbodiment herein described as anillustrative example. v

Referringv to the drawings: rlhere are illnstrated views of a coke ovenbattery of the by-product type, such as has been hereinbetore mentioned,which battery embodies in its construction a plurality of crosswiseelongated heatingA walls 1l and a plurality of intermediate crosswiscelongated vertical cokingnr chambers l2. The heating.,r Walls 11 formthe side walls ol the respective coliing chambers 12, as shown moreparticularly in Fig. l, and together with the coking chumbers aresupported by the heavy gas tight supporting walls o't the series 13 andthe other gas tight supporting walls of the series 14C. Both series 13and 14; of such supporting walls extend crossvvise of the battery andare located, as shown, below the coking chambers and the heating walls,and collectively form the main support for the entire super-structure ofthe oven battery. These supporting walls are themselves firmly supportedupon a flat mat or platform which constitutes the sub-foundation onwhich the entire battery rests.

The coal to be coked is charged into the several coking chambers orovens 12 through charcing holes 15, indicated by dotted lines in tie top16 of the oven battery, positioned directly above the ovens or chambers12, as shown in Fig. 1. These charging holes 15 are equipped with vtheusual removable covers, not shown, which are removed when charging,- anyof the several ovens and placed in position to close the tops of theovens during the ent-ire e'okingl operaimanes into the usual gascollecting main which carries the distillation products to the by.

product recovery apparatus.

Heat for cokinp, the charges of coal in they several ovens or chambers12 is derived from the heating walls 11, which, as betere inentioned,extend crosswise ot' the battery at the Isides ot the colcinp;clnnnbcrs. The con-v struction and the functimiinp,` olf these neat.-ing walls constitute ini iortant features nl the present invention.liteterrinn' now more particularly to Fig: 5, nach heating wall isconstituted of two series, 17 and 1S, ol' vcrtical flame or combustionfines, the lines ol." one series 17 alternatiinnv with the llucs ol theother series 18. When one series ot such fines is operatingf for uplow,that is to .say burning upwardly, the other series of such lues isoperating t'or downtlow, that is to say burning downwardly. Arrangedalong one side ot' the central axis of each heatingT wall 11 andalternating with the individual lues thereotl are two series ot'vertical channels 19 and 20, the channels of one series 19 alternatingwith the channels ot the other series 20. Also arranged on the oppositeside of the said cent-ral axis of each heating wall and alternating withthe individual fines thereof, are two furthe-r series of verticalchannels, 2l and 22, the channels ot' the series 21 alternating with thechan.- nels of the other series 22. With the above describedconstruction, each heating wall 11, is equipped with two series ot'llame or combustion fines and with tour series ot vertical channels, theseveral series ot fines and channels ot each heating wall being eachcontrollable both as to direction and vcharacter of the lowindependently of the other series ot channels and fines as will be morefully explained hereinafter.

The crosswise regenerators ot the retort oven or battery are locatedbelow the aforesaid heating walls 11 and colring chambers 12 and in thepresent inst-ance extend in )arallelism between the supporting Wallsatoresaid. According' to the invention, the supporting walls of theseries 13 are grouped into pairs 23,11s shown in Fig'. l and thesnpporting walls ot the series ll are respectives ly located betweenindividual members of such pairs, whereas the supporting wallsI 1- areomitted between adjacent supporting walls 13 of different pairs. Bothseries 18 and 14 of supporting walls form the side walls ofregenerators, and, with this copstruction, there is thus provided aseries 24 of regenerators that are respectively ,located betweenadjacent support ing 'walls 13 of different pairs, a series 25 ofregenerators that are respectively loiii heated b v the hot combustionproducts that draw ofi1 from the flame or combustion linesv hereinabovementioned and then impart such heat to the medium that they feed intothese liame flues.

In accordance with the invention, each rc- ;:encrator ot' the series 24is communicably connected bv aserics of ducts 29 with the .flame lines ol' the series 17 of the hea-ting wall located to the right of suchregenerator, and

isalso con'ununicahlv connectedl by a series of ductsl it() with thelametlues of theseries 18 of the adjacent heating wall locatedto thelett ot' such regenerator. ln addition. each regenerator ot the series21 is conununicably connected bv means of a series ot lducts 31 with theseries 19 of vertical channels ot the heating wall to the rightand isalso communie-ably connected, by means of a series ot' ducts 32 with theseries of vertical channels 21 otthe heating wall to the left. Eachregeuerator of the series 25 is communie-'ably connected b v means ot aseries of ducts 33 with the 'flame tlues of the series 17 of 'a singleheating Wall located above such regenerator` and is 'also con'nnuuicablyconnected Alll by means ot a series of ducts 34 with the verticalchannels of the series 22 ot' the same heating wall. Each regenerator ofthe series 26 is communie-ably connected, by means ot a series ot ducts35, with the heating flucs ot' the series *18 of the single adjacentheating: Wall located above such regenerator, and is also communica-blyconnected, by means of a series ot ducts 36 with the vertical channelsof the series 2O of the same beating Wall. The purpose ot the abovedescribed duct connections between the sev-- eral regcnerators, verticalchannels and ues will appear in the hereinafter given description ot theoperation of the battery.

Refer-riorlr more particularly to Figs. 2. 7 and 1l` there are providedabove the in'- dividual tlues of the series 17 of each heating 'all 11,a series ot chambers 37 and above the flues of thel series 18 a seriesof chambers 88. The Haes of the series 17 of cach heating wallrespectively communicate with the chambers of the series 37 throughports 39, and the fines ot the series 18 respectively communicate withthe chambers of the series 38 through ports 40. As shovvn in Figs. 2 and7 each of such chambers 37,

lends with a series ot' chambers 44; and the ot each heatii'ic wall, iscomn'mnicablyl connected with the adjacent chamber 3S hv means ot' .ahorizontal duct 41. Thus, through the chambers 37 and 38 at the top ofthe tlues 17 and 18 of' each heating Wall 'and the4 ports 39 and 40 andshort horizontal ducts 41, the individual lues of the series 17 arecom'municabl;7 connected With the adjacent' individual lues of thealternate series 18..

{eter-ring more particularly .to Figs. 4, G and 11, the seriesof'vertical channels 1S) of each heating` wall respectively arecommunicably connected at their top with a series ot' chambers 42; theseries ot' channels 20 are respectively cominunicably connected at theirupper ends with a series of chambers 43; the series of channels 21 arerespectively communicablyv connected at their upper series ot channels22 are respectively comm'unicably connected at their upper endsl with aseries ol chambers 45. Nozzles 4G connect'the channels otv all series ofeach heating Wall with their respective series ot communicating:chambers.. The series ot chambers 42- are communicably connectedbyjmeans. ot a series of ducts 47 withthe series of tlues 18; theseries-of chambers 43 are comnumicably connected by` a "series 0I ducts48 with a series of tlues 17 the series. ot chambers 44v are alsocom'n'xunicably connected with a series ot' tlues 1 7' bya series otducts 49; andthe series ot chambers 45 are also conununicably connectedwith the series ot llucs 18 bya series ot ducts 50. lVith thisconstruction, the tops of the two series ot channels 20 and 21 arecommunicably connected individually with the individua'. thies ol theseries 1.7: and the tops ot' the two series ot channels 19 and 22 arecornmunicably connected individually with the individual tlues of theseries'18.

Extenolinfy` crosswise of the battery, on each side of the longitudinalpartition 5.1 and located beneath the heating Wall 11 thereabove is apair of gaps channels 52 and 52. These channels 52 and 53 are for thepurpose of supplying coke oven gas to the lues, when coke oven gas isthe medium employed for fuel. and communicate respectively by means of aseries ot' ducts 54 and 55 with the bottoms ofthe flame flues ot theseries 17 and 18 in lthe heating wall above such pair of gas channels.Thatl is to say, the. ducts 54 of the channel 52 lead into the flamefines of the series 17, and the'ducts 55 of the gas channel 53 lead intothe flame flues ot' the series 18. As shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 11,a-series of access lues 56, .in each heating wall, extend from thechambers 37 above the tine series 17 to' the top ot thc oven battery,these access fines affording a means of communication from the top ofthe battery with the interior of the chambers 37 and the tlues Hill 17therebeneath. A similar series vof access tlues 57 extend from thechambers 38 at the tops ot the fiue series 18. Further similar series ofaccess fines 58, 59, 60 and 61 extend to the top of the battery from theseries ot' chan'ihers 42, 43, 44 and 45 which are respectively locatedat the tops" of the series 'of vertical channels 19, 2t), 21 and 22.Normally the access tlues mentioned aboveI are closed hy suitable coverplates. As shown in ltig. 2, the access tlues ol" the series 5G above.the chambers 257 alternate with the access fines otl the series 57 abovethe cha1nbers 38. The access tlues et the two series 56 and 57 may thusbe grouped into pairs each pair comprising adjacent tlues ot bothseries. Between each pair of access fines 56, 5T is a vert-ical gassupply duct (i2 extending- 'from thetop of the battery to the horizontalduct 41 that connects a pair otchambers 37 and 38. The several gas ducts(32, ot each heating wall terminate, as shown in Figs. 2 and 11 inflaring nozzles 6?, through which tuel gas may flow either into theseries of chambers 3T and the connected flues 17 vor into the series ofchambers 38 and the connected tlues 18. each duct is located at the topofthe cross connecting duct 41 between two chambers 37 and 38, and,because ot the coincidence of the greatest cross-sectional area of thenozzle with the discharge end thereof, and the inclined walls thatextend downwardly in opposite directions toward the respective chambers37 and 38, the gas may pass Wit-h facility either into the fines 17 orinto the tlue 18. The series of gas-supply ducts 62 in the top of eachheating Wall are supplied from a coke oven gas main 64 suitablysupported over each heating Wall, as shown in Fig. 1, and provided witha series of gas guns 65 Which enter the inlets of the aforesaid ducts62. Suitable supply means is also provided for supplying eolie oven gas,at will, to the bottom coke oven gas channels 52 and 53.

`With the above described construction, constant tiame or combustion ismaintained in all of the flame or combustion tlues ot each heating wall,irrespective et Whether the' How is up or down in a series ot such finesand irrespective ot the type of gas'einployed as fuel.. According to thepresent l' embodiment of the invention, when a series ot fines 17, torexample, ot a heating Wall .is being fed with gas ot either type fromthe bottom, the opposite series of' alternate ues 18 in the same heatingAWall is concurrently being fed with fuel gas from the top. In thismanner, upburning flames ot either producer gas or an alternativelyemployed coke even gas is maintained in all the fines of one series otthe heating Wall,

lWhile simultaneously downburning flame is maintained in all thealternate ues of the The flaring nozzle 63 ot other series ot the sameheating wall. Hence, throughout the battery, combustion is maintained inall ot' the fines, notwithstai'iding reversalot flow through theregener'ators and in the fines, the manner et which will be hereinafterexplained, with the result that each heating wall is being constantlyheated from side to side of the battery and from top to bottom ot' theheating Wall by constantly burning flan'ies, teix'ipeature conditionsare equalized throughout the battery or plant as a whole, and the cokingprocess proceeds uniformly without. interruption from end to end andfrom top to bottom ot each coking chaniber. The combined up flame andalternate downfiaine in each heating Wall results in a considerableextension ot' the capacity ot' the wall to maintain telnperature in avertical direction, thereby permitting an increase in the height. et theheating walls, with a consequent increase in the height of the cokingchambers and their individual coking capacity.

l'n order to illustrate advantages and novel features ot' the inventionand in exposition ot' the above general statements ot operation andresi.1lts,the following detailed description ot both' protjlncer gas andcoke oven gas operation otl a roking retort oven, constructed in themanner above described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings isnow given.

The operation ot the battery, when using a, special generator gas, suchas ordinary producer gas, is as follows: Vhen burning producer gas asthe battery fuel, alternate regenerators ot' the series 24 operate asinflow producer gas rege'nerators; the adjacent re generators ot theseries 26 and 25 which are respectively lo :ated on the left and theright of the inflow producer gas regenerators, opcrate concurrently asinflow Vair regenerators. The remainder ot the regeneratorsot the series24, 25 and 26 operate concurrently as outtlow regen craters. Forconvenience in description, the inflow producer gas regenerators ot onereversal period are designated on the drawings by the rt'it'erencecharacter l), the inflow air regenerators ot the series 26 and 25 aredesignated by thereterence character A, the outtiow reguierators ot theseries 25 and 26 aredesignated by the reference character W, and theoutflow regenerators ot' the'seres 24 are designated bythe reti-rencecharacter E. As stated, the intlow producer gas regenerators P alternatewith the outtlow regenerators E, and the air regenerators A arerespectively located on opposite sides ot the alternately arrangedproducer gas regenerat-ors P. i

With the parts operating as above stated, the producer gas flowsinto theseveral producer gas regenerators P, while air ilows into the severalair regenerators A. As each producer gas regenerator supplies theupburning tlues ot two heatlngwalls respectively lon located on theright and the left of such producer gas regenerators as well as one series ot vertical vchannels of each heatingwall, the producer gasregenerators are made of substantially twice the capacity of the airregenerators, the latter feeding the upburning fines and one series ofchannels of only a single heating wall. 'lhe producer gas from theregenerators l flows into lues of the series 17 ot' thcl heating' wallsto the right ot' such regeneratms*and also into the flues ot' the series18 of the heating; walls to the lett ol such regenerators, the series otfines 17 and 18 ot' ,such right and left heating walls operatingasupburning fines. The air regenerators A of the series 25 supplytheuphurning flues 17 which are located in the right side of the heatingwalls, and the air regenerators A of the series 26 supply the upburningflues 18 which are located in the left side heating walls with respectto each producer gas regenerator P. Thus the series otv tlues 17 ofalternate. heatingr walls are burningr upwardly, while the series ottlues 18 of heating walls that are intermediate such alternate heating'walls aforesaid are burning up a1dly.

During this operation, the series ot' channels 19 of the alternateheating walls containin; r the upburning flues 17 are operating asupt'iow channels and are receiving producer das troni the ducts 31 ot'theproducer gas regenerators; concurrently the vertical channels 2l ot'the interniediate heating walls containing the upburning lues 1B areoperating' as upfiow channels and are receiving` producergas troni the'ducts 32 of said producer gas regenerators. The air regenerators A o1'the series 25 are teedinpr the vertical chai'niels ot' the series 22 ofthe said :alternate heating walls and the air regenerators ot' theseries 26 are feeding the vertical channels 20 ot' the said intermediateheating' walls. ln the alternate heating walls the waste Irases trom thenpburning ues 17 paw into the chambers 37 and thence through thehorizontal ducts 41 into the chambers 38 and downburning fines 18; inthe said intermediate heating walls, the waste gases from the upburninglines 18 pass into the chambers 38 and thence through the ducts 41 intothe chambers 37 and downburning flues 17. The channels of the series 19of the alternate hea-ting walls feed producer gas to thechamhers 42 andthence 'through the ducts 47 to the downburning lues 18, While thechannels 22 ot such alternate heating walls feed air to the chan'ibers45 and thence through the ducts 50 to said downb'urning fines 18. In theintermediate heating' walls the producer gras to the downburning lncs 17is supplied to the channels 21. chambers 414. and ducts 4S) and the airtroni the channels 20. chambers 43 and ducts 4h.A Consequently alternatolues ot' every heating wall are uphurning. while the other Fines aredown'burniug, there being a continual supply of producer gas and airwhether from the bottom of the lue or from walls part of the wasteproducts from the upburning fines 18 -ass through the ducts 5t) and 47into the ciambers 45 and 42 and thence downwardly .through the channels22 and 19. T he waste gas regenerators E receive the waste gas downtlowtrom the flue series 18 of the alternate .heating walls, which arelocated on the lett of such waste, gas regenerators and also from theseries ot' channels 2l; such waste gas regenerators also receive thewaste gases from the fines 17 and channels of the series 19,v of theintermediate heating .walls on the right of such regenerators. The Waste.gases from the downburning tlues 18 and downow channels 20 of thealternate heating walls. pass into the Waste gas regenerators of theseries 26, and the downflow from the downburning tlues 17 and downflowchannels 22 of the intermediate c heating walls passes into the wastegas regenerators ot' the series 25.

On reversal of the battery, the several regenerators of the series Pbecome waste gas regenerators together with their connected series otflues and channels; the several regenerators E with their connectedseries ot lines and channels become inflow producer' gas regenerators;the several regeneratiors of the series A with their connectedserieso'l' lues and channels become outflow Waste gas regenerators; and' theseveral regenerators ot' the series W with their connected series offlues and channels become inflow air regenerators. The reversal of thebattery is accomplished by means of the usual reversing mechanismemployed by those skilled in the art. v

When em loying coke oven gas as the bat tery fuel, airY instead ofproducer rras is al v lowed to flow into the ino'w operating' re-`generators of the series 24;. This furnishes the larger volume of airrequired for the combustion of the relatively richer .coke oven' gas,inasmuch as the supply of air from the inow regenerators of the series24 is in addition to that furnishedby the air regenerators A- of theseries 25 and 26. The ow, when operating with coke oven gas, through theseveral fines and channels isr exactly the same as that which takesplace in producer gras operation. Consequently it is not necessary totrace out the flow of the air and waste heat through the channels andlues in coke oven gas operation. During coke oven gas operation, thecoke oven gas ducts 52 and 53 supply coke oren gas to the upburningflues of the series 17 and 18 of the respective alternate andintermediate heating walls; the coke oven gas is drawn through the ducts62 into the downburning lues 18 and 17 of said respective alternate andintermediate heating Walls. 0n reversal of the battery, the flow isreversed in exactly the same Way as in producer gas operation, that isto say, the air regenerators become waste gas regenerators and the Wastegas regenerators'become air regenerators, the upburning lines 17 becomedownburning Hues and downburning lines 18 become uplourning tlues.

Because of thev fact that some of the Waste gas enters the top of thedownburning tlues, Whether the oven be operated with producer gas orcoke oven gas, the flames in the downburning iues are consequentlylengthened. This has the effect of increasingthe volume of llame of suchdown burning ues and consequently increases the flame heated area of theheating walls; Such lengtheingI of the flames permitsthe inaking oivvery high heating Walls, while preserving substantially uniformtemperature conditions throughout a substantial extent of such walls.The lengthening of the flame in the downburninp, tlues` moreover,prevents an intense flame concentration in the upper extremities of theheating flues where it is most desirable to keep the temperaturerelatively low, in yorder to avoid destruction ot' the gases ofdistillation which arise from the charge of coal in the coking chambersbetween-the heating Walls.

Furthermore. the coke oven gas may be supplied to both the uplonrningand .doWnburning tlues, in which case the producer gas supplied to bothsuch series'of fines functions as a diluent to the coke oven gas. (')rthe coke oven gas may, at will be supplied only to upburning anddownburning filles. 'lhc waste ,ons may he regulably supplied to thedownhurning' lines to further dilute the flames in such tlues.

Althougl'i, as it above appears, the reversal ot' flow through thebattery takes place lon- ,e'itudinally thereof, instead ot crosswise ofthe battery as described in the patent to H. Koppers hereinbetorementioned, it is neven theless preferable to employ, crosswise of thebattery, pairs of end to end positioned regencrators. the regeneratorsof each 'pair respectively extendingr from opposite sides of the batteryinwardly to the central diriding partition 51, shown in Figs. 2, 3, and4. This construction reduces the length of the rcgenerators crossvviseof the battery and the volume ol flow which must ass through eachrcgenerator per unit of time, and thcreliy facilitates control oi theflow through the regenerator and promotes equality and distributionthrough the ues Leiaoee and channels connected with the regenen ator.

rlhe invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particulartorni of construction, but may be variously embodied Within the scope ofthe claims hereinafter made.

I claim:

1. 'In a cokingr retort oven, in combination: a coking chamber; heatingwalls contiguous to such coking chamber and respectively constituted ota serie; ol upburning and a series o t downburning combustion luescomniunicably connected with and at ternately positioned with respect tosuch upburning flues, and also o a series ot' uplow fuel gas channels, aseries ot upiow air channels and two series ot downiiow waste gaschannels, the series ol said channels being disposed into )airs wh'chalternate with the atore'aid com iustion Hucs and the fuel gas and airchannels being con'nnunicably connected with the downhurning combustionfines and both series oli-Waste gas channels wlth the ui'ilnirninfcglcombustion fines; substantially as specified. l

2. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a coloni;l chamber; heatingwalls contig-nous to such cokingl chamber and respectively con'titutcdo't' a series ot upburning and a series of downburning combustion tluescommunicably connected with said upburning i'lucs, and also ot' a seriesof uptlow fuel gas channels, a series ot' uptlow air channels and twoseries ot downlow waste gas channels, the ,fuel gas and air channelsbeing communicahly connected with the downburning combustion Haes andboth series ot' waste gas channels with the up burning combustion tlues;substantially as specified.

3. ln a reversiblyregcnerative coking rctort oven battery, incombination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous tosaid colting chambers and re'fpecltively constituted ol a series ot'upburning and a series ot' downbnrning combustion fines communi fablyconnected with and a1- ternately positioned with respect to lsaidupburning fines, and also ot' a series otuptlow fuel gas channels, aseries ot' upflow' air channels -and two series ot downtlow waste gaschannels, the series lot` said channelsbe ing disposed into pairs whichalternate with the aforesaid com iustion fines, and the fuel gas and airchannels being con'nnunicably connected with the downburning combustiontlues and both sieres ot waste gas channels with the uplnu'ninglcombustion ues: and a crosswise regenerative system located below thecoking chambers and heatingwalls and constituted ot' a scrim` ot' intlowair rcgcnerators rcepm-,tively conui'iunicahlyl Inn Lemons Vgeneratorsrespectively coni'n'lunicably connected with the downburning tlues andone ceries of waste gas channels of an adjacent heating wall, and ot' a'turther series of regencrators respectively of Substantially twice thecapacity' of the atoresaid other rcgenerators and grouped into inflowfuel gas regenerators respectively communicably con- -nccted with theupburning ues and uptlow fuel gas channels ot two adjacent heatingrwalls and outflow waste gas regenerators respectively commumcablyconnected 'with the downhurningr fines and the other series ot wastevgas channels ot two adjacent heating,l walls; the series of airregenerators with their communicahly connected llue's and channels beinginterchangeably reversible with the series `of waste gas regeneratorsand their communicably connected tlues and channels, and the said groupsof regenen `ators of the further series and their'colnof a series otupburning and a. series of dou-'nhurning combustion tlues communicahlyconnected with said. upburning tlues, and also of a serie= ot uptlowtu'el gas channels, a series 'et uptlow air channels and 'two series of,downlow waste gas channels, the .series of said channels being;dieposed into pairs which alternate with -the atoresaid combustiontlucs, and the tuel V,eas and air channels being' conin'iunicablyconnected with the downburning combustion lines and both series ot'waste gas channels with the upburning combustion flues; and a crosswisepreheating' system located below the coking chambers and heating wallsand constituted of a series ot' inflow air preheaters respectivelycommunicably connected with the upburning lines and the uptlow airchannels ot an adjacent heating` wall, and of a `further series ofpreheaters respectively ot substantially twice the capacity of theaforesaid other preheaters and grouped into inflow fuel gas preheatersrespectively coinmunicably connected with 'the upburning lues and upiowfuel gas channels of two ads jacent heating walls; sub'tantiallyasspectied. l

5. l'n a coliing retort oren battery, -in `conbination; a plurality otcoking chambers; heating; walls contiguous to said coking' chalnllersand reajicctivcly constituted of a series ot upburningr and a series otdownhurninn' combustion llues comn'iunicalily connected withsaid-uphurninpr lines, and also ot a series of uplow'tuel gras channels,a series. of uplow air channels and two series ot' downtiow wastegaschannels, the fuel gas and air channels being cornmunicably connect'edwith the downburning combustion tlues and both series oi Waste gaschannels with the upburning combustion lues; and means for utilizing theheatl ot' the waste gases to effect the preheatin'g'ot the inflowinggases; substantially as specified.

'6. In a reversibly-regenerative coking retort .oven battery, incon'ibination: a plurality of colcinp; chambers; heating' wallscontiguous to said coking' chambers and respectively constituted ot aseries et upburning and a series ot' downburning combustion ti uescommunicably connected with said upburning' tlues, and also ot' a seriesot uptiow fuel gas channels, a series ot' npi'iow air channels and twoseries downow waste gas channels, the fuel gas and air channels beingcoinrnunicably connected with the downburning combustion fines and bothseries ot' waste gas channels with the Til upburning;l con'ibustio'nfines; and a cross-l y wise regenerative system located below the cokmgchambers and .heating Walls and con stituted ot' a series of inflow airregenerators v respectively connnuni'cably connected with theupburninibi` lines and the upfiow air clrannels ot an adjacent heatingWalL-ot a series ot' outflow vaste gas regenerators respectivelyconununicably connected with the downburnuu;1 'lues and one series ofwaste ,gas channels ot an adjacent heating wall,

and a turther series of regenerators respectively of substantially twicethe capacity o the atoresaid other regenerat'ors and grouped intointlow't'uel gras regenerators respective ly cozmnunicably conmactedlwith the uphurning lines and uptlow tuei gas channels ot' two adjacentlieatiiigwvalls and outtlow waste' gas regenerators respectivelycoinmunicably connected with the downburning fines and-the other seriesot' waste gas channels 'of two adjacent heatingwalls; the series of airregenerators with their communicably connected tiues and channels being'interchangeably reversible with vthe series of waste lgas regeneratorsand their communicably connected dues and channels7 and the saidgroupsot regenerators ot' the further series'and their communicab-ly congf monected tlues and channels being* also inter-I changeably reversible withrespect to each combustion .tluesrand alsojot uptlow fuel gras. uptiowair and downtlow waste gras channels, the 'tuel gas and air channelsbeing communicably connected with the down? burning,r combustion ues andthe waste gas channels with the upburning combustion y fines; und acrosswise regenerative system embodying tuel gas, air and Weste gasregeneralors, the tuel gas and air regenerators being commnnicablconnected with the nl'iburnix'xg combustion Vlues land respectively withthe upflow fuel gus and nir channels, and the waste gas regeneretorsbeing comi'nnnicubly connected with the Waele gas channels :inl thedownburning combustion lines; the last mentioned regencrators and theirconnected fines and channels being inter-changcubly reversible withrespect to former; substantially as specified,

8. In a coking retort oven battery, in coinbination: a plurality ofeoking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers :1ndrespectively constituted of npburningl and downburning combusti-onfines, and also of upflow fuel gas, uplow nir and doivntiow Waste geschannels, the fuel gas und air channels beingl communicably connectedwith the dirwnl'iurningI combustion lines and the waste gas channelswith the npburning,r combustion tlues; and a crosswise regenerativesystem embodying rcgenerators adapted to preheat fuel gas and nir, the.lnel gas and air regenerators being connnnnicably connccled with theupbnrninfhr combustion lines and the upllow 'l'uel gas and air channels;substantially :is specified.

i). ln a reversibly-regenerulive colting reloi-t oven battery, incombination: a plurnlity ot' coltinzgr chambers; heatii'ig wallscontiguous to such eoking chambers and respectively constituted of'npburning and downhurning,l combustion fines, and also ot' upfiow fuelgas, npflow air and downflow waste gas channels, the -t'uel and airchannels being, connnunicably connected with the downlnnning,rcoinlmstion lines and (he waste gas channels with the upburningcombustion fines; and a regenerative system embodying tuel gas, air andWaste .gas re- `generators, the fuel tetes and air regenerators lbeinglconunnnieably connected with the upburnng combustion lues andrespectively with the upfiow fuel gas and air channels, and the wastegas regenerators being comiuunicably connected with the Waste gaschannels and the downburning combustion fines; the lust mentionedregenerators and their connected fines and channels beingintereluingeably reversible with respect to 'toi-nier; substantially asspecified.

l0. In n reversibly-regenerative coking retort oven battery, incombination: e plurality of coking chambers; heating,y Walls contiguousto such coking chambers and respectively constituted of npbnrning anddownburning combustion fines, combined with e crosswisc regenerativesystem embodying regencretors for supplying nir and fuel gasconcurrently to both the npburn- .ing and downburning fines of eachheat-ing Wall and other regenerators for receiving "imanes the wastegases from botb such series of combustion lines; said sets otregenerators being interchangeably reversible substantially asspecified. l

1l. ln a eoliine retort oven battery, in combination: a p urality ot'colting chamn bers; heating Walls contiguous to such coli# ing chambersund respectively constituted ol upburnug and lm\-'nburning Combustionfines, combinedl with e crosswise preheater system embodying spreliester ttor supply ing air and fuel gas concurrently to both theupburning and downburning lues ot' each heating wall; substantially asspecified.

l2. In a reversiblyregenercttive coking retort oven battery, incombination: a pile rality ot' colting chambers; beating wallscontiguous to such coking chambers and ref spectively constituted ot'upburning and downburning combustion `tlnes, combinedV with aregenerative system embodying regcuerators for supplying` auf and .tuelgas concurrently to 'both the upburning and' downburning lues of eachbeating Wall and other regenerators for receiving the Waste gases' fromboth such series of combustion fines; said sets of regenerators beinginterehangeably reversible substantially as specified.

13. In u eolcing' relort oven buttery, in eon'ibinntiml: a plurality otcoking chainbers; heating wulls contiguous to such cokng chambers undrespectively constituted ot' upburning and downburning combustion fines,combined With apreheater system embodying a prehester tor supplyingnirand fuel gas com-.urrentlyto both the upburning and dmvnburning' finesof each heating,l Wall; substantially asspeciied. v

14. lln a coking' retort oven battery, in combination: a plurality ot'eoking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers andrespectively constituted of upburning andconcurrently downburningcombustion ues; combined with a prelieuter system for supplying anextraneously derived fuel ejes and air to bot-h the, upburning anddownburning fines lot each heating Wall; substantially as specied.

15. ln a reversibly-regenerative coking,` retort oven battery, incombination: a plurality of cokingcbambers; heating walls contiguous tosuch coking chambers and respectively constituted of series otupbnrningr and concurrently downburnine` combustion lues, the lues otone series being interchangeably reversible with respect to the lues ofthe other series, combined with a regenerative system embodying fuel gasand air regenerators and Waste ges regenerators communicably connectedwith said ues; said sets of regenerators being interchangeablyreversible substantially as speeiied.

16. In a reversiblyregencrntive coking retort oven battery,incombination: a. plutitl lll() llfl" lili lill) lou erators forsupplying;v an extraneously rived 'gas to both series of Asaid fines,andrality of coking chambers;v heatingfwalls contiguous to said cokingchambers and respectively constituted ofseries of. lupburning andconcurrently downburni'ng combustion tlues, the upburning series. offines be ing interchangeably reversible with the downburning series offines, an inercli'angeably reversible regenerative system ,embodyvingregenerators communieably connected with both series of said fines, someof the regenerators being operableas inflow rege e means foralternatively supplying coke ovenv gas to said flues;substantially as--specitieds 17. In a colring retort oven battery, in combination: aplurality of colring chainbers; heating Walls contiguous to said cokingchambers and respectively constituted of series of upburning andconcurrently downbnrning combustion lues, means for utilizing the heatof the Waste gases to effect Athe-y preheating of the inlowi'ng gases,said.'

tort oven battery, in combination: va pl'u-v rality of cokingg`chambers; heating Walls contiguous to said colring chambers andrespectively constituted of series of upburning and concurrentlydownburning combustion flues, 'the upburning series of flues beinginterchangeably reversible with the downburning series of fines, aninterchangeably reversible crosswise reg 3;enerative system ernbodyingregenerators comin'unicablyconnected with both series of said fines.some of the regenerators being operable as infiow'reucneratorsgforsupplying an extraneously derived gas to both series of said lues,'andmeans for alternatively supplying coke oven ,gas to said fines;substantially as specified.

19. In a cokinp; retort oven battery, in conibination: a plurality of@cking chainbers; heating walls contiguous to-said coking chambers andrespectively constituted ot series of upburning` and coiicurrentlydownburning combustion fines, a crosswisev regenerative system embodyingregenerators commnnicably connected with both series of said fines, someoi the regenerators being operable as inflow regenerators for vsupplyingan extraneously derived gas to both scries ot' said fines, and means toralternatively supplying coke oven gas to said lines; substantially asspeciied.

20. In a coking retort oven battery, in combination: a plurality oi'coking chambers;

heating walls contiguous to suchl cokingv chambers and respectivelyconstituted of upburning and downburning combustion ues, with means forsupplying regulable quantities of Waste gas to thedownburning ues,

combined with a preheater system for sup-- plying air and fuel-gasconcnrrently'to both th ffupbnrning and downburning iues of .ea hheating Wall.; ysubstantiallyas specified.

a plurality of ticking chambers; scentiguous to such--coking chamberadffirespeetively constituted of upburnin @and @burning combustionlines, with 'ng neutral gaseous diluent own* u iues, combined with arsystetn for supplying air and fuel gas ce urrently to both theupburning and .dowxrb ring-fines of each heating Wal-l; substantiallilyas specified. r i

In a coliing vretortv oven battery, in con ination: a plurality ofcoking, cham- .ieating-Walls contiguous to said 'coki-ng embers'and-''=respectively constituted et seriesof upburning and l'concurrentlydou burning-combustion lues, a regenerative system embodyingregenerators couiurunica connected with both -ser-.ies of. saidli1es,'souie of lthe regeneratorsbeing operableasintlowvregenerators'for supplying an eX- leIv 0 In reciting retort oven:'battery, 'inl traneouslyderived-gas to both series 01E-said flue and"eans for coneurrentlysupplyng cokeoven ,eine to. said iues';substantially as specified*y 23. In acoking 'retort oven batt-ery, in

combina-tion: aplurlality of cooking cham` bers; heating wallscontiguous to said coking chambers land vrespectively constituted' ofseries ofiV upburning Aand concurrently downburni combustion llues,`a.regenerative syste be'dyiing regenerators communicfa ltedvfwithbotlfrfseries of said yiiues,' 0n1"e'x of ythe rcgenerators beingoperable asA inflow regrenemtorsV for vsupplying an eatraneouslyyderived gas to both .series of saidftiues #and means for concurrentlysupplying keiioven gas at will to either one or both of such series ofupburning and downbunnin-g Iiucsg' substantially :1s-specified. L ,v

l 2i; 1in a cokinn retort oven battery, in combination: a -p-urality ofcoking 4chambers; heating Walls contiguous tos'uch coking chambers andrespectively constituted offs ie ofqupburuing andV downburningcombustion fines, withmeansvfor supplying', at will?, regulablequanti-tiesv of waste gas to the downburn-ing fines, combined with apreheater systen-i for snpl'ilying air and an 'extraneously derivedtuelgas to the npburning and doWnbur-ning fines; and means forconcurrently supplying, at will, coke oven gasy toeither one or both ofsuch seriesof upburning and downburning fines; substantially asspecified. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

Josera vis ACKEREN.

iis

